New developments in magnetic resonance imaging techniques for shoulder instability in athletes
نویسندگان
چکیده
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can be a very useful tool in the evaluation of instability in the athlete's shoulder. Technical options of MR imaging, such as arthrography, higher power magnets, and shoulder positioning, have enhanced MR evaluation of the shoulder. This update discusses the application of new MR techniques to a variety of shoulder instability patterns, including anterior instability, posterior instability, and atraumatic multidirectional instability. Specific applications of MR imaging in the postoperative patient is discussed. Finally, we describe the future directions of MR imaging in the setting of shoulder instability.
منابع مشابه
Shoulder instability in athletes.
Define shoulder instability and identify the most common causes of shoulder instability in athletes. Shoulder instability encompasses a wide spectrum, from complete dislocations that require manual reduction to microinstability in throwers. When we looked prospectively at West Point cadets, we found that 80% of instability events were subluxations (no manual reduction performed).1 We found that...
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